ABSTRACT
Bone loss is a potential adverse consequence of rapid and sustained weight loss after bariatric surgery. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the bone mass, body fat distribution, and metabolic parameters in women submitted to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). The study included the following three groups: one group of lean women (control [C] group) and two groups of obese women, one evaluated one year (B1) and the other five years (B5) after RYGB. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance imaging were used to determine bone mineral density (BMD; lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck) and abdominal fat content (subcutaneous [SAT] and visceral [VAT] adipose tissues, and intrahepatic lipids [IHL]). The BMD/body mass index ratio was lower in the B5 compared with the C group at all sites. Serum C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) levels were higher in the B1 and B5 groups compared with the C group. Individuals submitted to RYGB showed greater SAT but similar VAT and IHL values compared with those in the C group. However, the B5 group had higher mean parathyroid hormone levels compared with the other two groups. Individuals submitted to RYGB presented increased levels of CTX and low BMD for body weight than those in the C group, suggesting that bone catabolism is a persistent alteration associated with RYGB. In conclusion, the long-lasting metabolic benefits obtained with RYGB in obesity are counterbalanced by a persistent catabolic effect of the procedure on bone and mineral metabolism.
ABSTRACT
Foram avaliadas as técnicas radiográficas dentárias intra (TIB) e extrabucal (TEB) em 50 cães com doença periodontal, no intuito de padronizar os procedimentos de diagnóstico dessa síndrome. A TIB revelou que 16 animais não apresentaram lesões ósseas visíveis, enquanto a TEB apontou que 39 pacientes foram negativos para as mesmas lesões. Em resumo, a TIB foi mais eficaz na detecção de sinais radiográficos, especialmente as chamadas lesões finas, que a TEB, sendo a técnica de escolha na síndrome periodontal.
The intra (IOT) and extraoral (EOT) dental radiographic techniques in 50 dogs with periodontal disease were compared to standardize the most appropriate procedure for accurate diagnosis of abnormalities that occur in this syndrome. For IOT, 16 animals showed no visible radiographic lesions, whereas in EOT, 39 patients were negative for the same radiographic lesions. For incisor and canine teeth, IOT presented the highest sensitivity of lesion detection, while there was no significant difference for the premolar and molar teeth group. It is concluded that IOT is more effective in detecting radiographic signs (especially the so-called thin lesions) than the EOT and should therefore be the technique of choice in the periodontal syndrome.
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Dogs/physiology , Periodontal Diseases/diagnosis , Periodontal Diseases/veterinary , Radiography, Dental/methods , Radiography, Dental/veterinary , Dentistry/veterinary , Periodontics/methodsABSTRACT
O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estudar o papel desempenhado pelo rim na retencao de sodio e agua na insuficiencia cardiaca em caes com fistulas arterio-venosas femorais atraves de medidas de clearance e hemodinamica. Vinte e sete caes foram estudados em hidropenia e em diurese aquosa, 96 horas apos a realizacao de fistulas arterio-venosas femorais bilaterais, em 3 periodos: 1) fistulas abertas; 2) fistulas fechadas e 3) fistulas reabertas. Os animais retinham sal e agua e desenvolveram edema no periodo em que as fistulas estavam abertas. Quando as mesmas foram fechadas ocorreu uma maior diurese, natriurese, com aumento da excrecao urinaria de fosfato e do aporte distal de solutos, sugerindo uma diminuicao da reabsorcao proximal de sodio e agua. Apos a reabertura das fistulas, observou-se um aumento da reabsorcao de sodio pelos segmentos distais do nefron, sugerido pela elevacao da excrecao de agua livre por unidade de aporte de solutos. Estes achados nao foram acompanhados por alteracoes da distribuicao do fluxo sanguineo renal cortical. Em conclusao, a retencao de sodio e agua na insuficiencia cardiaca congestiva produzida por fistulas arterio-venosas se deve a um aumento da reabsorcao de sodio pelos segmentos distais do nefron e nao e devida a uma redistribuicao do fluxo sanguineo renal cortical.